Shale oil is a unique hydrocarbon produced
by shale rocks that are very rare in the world. It is produced by the process
of pyrolysis, thermal dissolution and hydrogenation. The process then converts
kerogen- a mixture of organic chemical compounds abundantly found in
sedimentary rocks- into synthetic oil and gas which is then used as a fuel. It
is also upgraded to meet refinery needs as well. .
It was first used in Switzerland and
Austria in early 1300s. The historical concept about shale oil is that the Ute
Indians of the Great Basin revealed Spanish explorers about a rock that burns.
Its been seven centuries that humans are consuming Shale oil. Not long ago,
researchers started debating on the commercial scale exploitation of shale oil
as a reliable energy source.
Here, we will talk about the top five
nations who are enriched by the recoverable shale oil and reserves.
1.
Indonesia:
Discovered in 1885, Indonesia wears the
crown for being the first oil producer in South East Asia . It entered organisation
of petroleum exporting countries (OPEC) in 1962, in 2009, Indonesia became the
only country with significant declines in shale oil production. Indonesian
govt. began two shale gas study projects, consequently in May, it was announced
that the production will begin in 2018.
2.
Canada:
Canada is the sixth largest shale oil
producer and the third largest gas producer in the world. Prime location is the
East Coast of Canada; Albert oil shale has 100 l/t oil with the potential oil
recovery as well. Other important oil location is the McMurray Formation. The
location also consists of a mixture of sand, crude bitumen, clay minerals,
water and silica. It is the only reservoir of crude bitumen in the world.
3. Mexico
Mexico, a Central
American nation is not a part of OPEC but among the largest sources of U.S oil
imports. The supergiant oil field in Mexico naming,”Cantarell” peaked in 2004
producing around 2.14 million barrels per day. From that day on, Mexico has
seen a steady decline in oil production.
4. Venezuela
As per the records of
organisation of petroleum exporting countries (OPEC), the republic of Venezuela
contains around 297.5 barrels of shale oil and 197 tcf of natural gas reserves.
The Orinoco Heavy Oil Belt is the only largest crude oil reserve, expanded on
the area of fifty five thousand kilometres while the Orinoco Oil Sands is the
second largest oil field reserve in the world.
5. Libya
Libya comes on the 9th
rank when we are talking about the largest shale oil reserves in the world.
Libya is also the owner of Africa’s hydrocarbon stocks of about forty seven
billion barrels. The catastrophe took place in 2011 sent oil production only of
about twenty eight percent of its 2010 levels. Libya is a place of Silurian hot
shale which is the most crucial hydrocarbon source rock in Arabia and North
Africa.To get more detail information please visit our website: http://www.hazelleng.com